表皮生长因子受体在乳腺癌中的研究进展

Research on epidermal growth factor receptor in breast cancer

近几十年，在分子肿瘤的研究中发现一些能够促进肿瘤生长、存活的分子，为肿瘤的治疗带来了新的希望。表皮生长因子受体是最早发现的对抑制肿瘤具有重要意义的分子之一，大约50％的三阴性乳腺癌和炎性乳腺癌都过度表达表皮生长因子受体。表皮生长因子受体及其下游通路可以促进上皮间质转化、肿瘤细胞迁移以及肿瘤浸润。此外，由于凋亡信号转导的发生针对表皮生长因子受体治疗可以提高三阴性乳腺癌细胞化疗的敏感性。研究表明，表皮生长因子受体靶向治疗可能对三阴性乳腺癌和炎性乳腺癌的治疗具有重要作用。

Decades researches of molecular oncology have found some moleculars which can promote tumor growth and help cancer surrive. This brings new hope for the treatment of tumors. Epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） is the first important molecular to inhibit tumor growth. Fifty percent triple negative breast cancer （TNBC） and inflammatory breast cancer （IBC） overexpress EGFR. EGFR and its downstream pathway can regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, promote tumor cell migration. EGFR therapy can improve the chemosensitivity of TNBC cells, apoptotic signal transduction occur. These studies suggest that the EGFR targeted therapy may have an important role in the treatment of TNBC and IBC.