清末民初女子教育观的嬗变:从“贤妻良母”到“女国民”

Evolution of the Concept of Female Education in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China:From "Obeying Wife and Loving Mother" to "Woman Citizen"

民族主义使女子学校教育进入了中国人尤其是精英知识分子的视野,并最终纳入国家主流话语而迅速发展起来。清末民初的女子学制变革即为显证。它不仅促进了女学的发展和女子教育平等权的获得,也推动了女子教育观由"贤妻良母"向"女国民"的嬗变,使女性从融于家庭集合体内的身份转化为个体身份,女子教育不只停留于妇女对国家的尽责上,还肩负了恢复、张扬女权的重任。

The rise of nationalism in China caused many Chinese especially the elite intellectuals to cast eyes on female school education and brought about its rapid development as revealed in the change of the female education system in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. It not only promotes the de- velopment of female education and the acquisition of equal educational rights, but also triggers the evolu- tion of the concept of female education from the ＂obeying wife and loving mother＂ to ＂woman citizen＂. Ev- er since then women began to be liberated as independent individuals and to shoulder the responsibility of seeking equal rights and treatment for their gender.