宁波陆源入海排污口优势菌群的数量、组成分析与研究

Diversity and Distribution of Dominant Bacteria nearby Ningbo Land-based Drainage Discharge Outlets

研究了宁波地区海域2011年3月、5月、8月、10月的排污口污水水体中可培养细菌的数量、组成及其分布,探讨了优势菌群与当地环境的相关关系.结果表明:各地区细菌分布各月份性差异明显,5月份、8月份细菌数量明显高于3月与10月,其均值数量级能达到106cfu mL-1;象山、余姚地区排污口细菌数量高于奉化、宁海、北仑地区,细菌数量最高均值为8月份象山地区排污口(4.7×106cfu mL-1).优势菌群分布具有季节性分布特征:3月份特有优势菌群为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)与海单胞菌属(Marinomonas sp.);5月份为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)、海单胞菌属(Marinomonas sp.)与弧菌属(Vibrio sp.);8月份为泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)、弧菌属(Vibriosp.)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.);10月份为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.)、弧菌属(Vibrio sp.)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella sp.).多维尺度分析表明:临近海域类型与排污口类型为排污口细菌群落变化的两个关键因素.

The diversity and distribution of culrurable bacteria nearby Ningbo land-based drainage discharge outlets are studied, and the relationship between the local environment and bacterial quantity was investigated. The result shows that the seasonal variation of culturable bactercia around drainage outlet is notable. The number of bactercias in May and August is higher than that in March and October, with an average value of 106 cfu/mL. In terms of area, the number of bacteria in Xiangshan and Yuyao is higher than that in Fenghua, Ninghai and Beilun, with the highest value of 4.7×10^6 cfu·mL-1. The seasonal variations of dominant microflora close to the drainage outlets indicate that Pseudomonas sp. and Marinomonas sp. prevail in March, Pseudomonas sp., Marinomonas sp. and Vibrio sp. are found to be prevailing in May, Pantoea sp., Vibrio sp., Enterobacter sp. are donimant in August and Acinetobacter sp., and Vibrio sp, and Shewanella sp. are most active in October. MDS analysis shows that the types of adjacent sea areas and drainage outlets are the key factors to determine the group structure of bacteria.