从加的夫语法视角看汉语单复句的划分标准

A Study of the Criterion for Distinguishing Simple from Complex Sentences in Modern Mandarin Chinese within the Framework of the Cardiff Grammar

系统功能语法学派内部的加的夫语法强调过程的重要性,为汉语单复句的划分标准问题提供了一种新的思路。本文在加的夫语法理论框架内,提出了一种划分汉语单复句的标准——过程标准;过程标准以句子的过程数量为依据,在语义层找到了区分汉语单复句的根本不同——单句只表达一个主要过程的发生,而复句则表达多个过程的发生。以过程标准为依据,本文还对汉语句型的分类提出了自己的看法:汉语句型在第一层次只存在两种句型,即单句和复句。

The Cardiff Grammar stresses the importance of the concept of process, which inspires this paper for the exploration of criterion for distinguishing simple from complex sentences in modern mandarin Chinese. The process criterion distinguishes simple from complex sentences on the basis of how many major processes could be identified in one sentence： sentences expressing one major process are simple sentences while those expressing more than one are complex sentences. Taking the process criterion as its basis, the paper also argues that only two types of sentences could be identified in the system network of sentence patterns in modem mandarin Chinese, which are simple and complex sentences.