2000-2011年广州地区梅毒疫情报告结果分析

An analysis of the characteristics of syphilis epidemic in Guangzhou from 2000 to 2011

目的分析2000-2011年11年间广州地区梅毒疫情的形势,为制定梅毒防治措施提供依据。方法先后收集整理性病疫情网(2000-2003)及中国疾病预防控制疫情网(2004-2011)广州市梅毒疫情资料,分析各类型梅毒的年报告发病率及患者的人口特征现状。结果 2011年梅毒报告发病率为104.61/10万,较2000年上升1.51倍,其间Ⅰ期、II期梅毒发病率年均降低5.28%,而隐性梅毒、胎传梅毒、Ⅲ期梅毒年均分别增长21.56%、18.34%、35.59%。2011年的报告病例中,60.63%的病例来自临床术前检测、咨询门诊和专项调查等,而各医院性病门诊报告的病例数只占39.37%。低学历,低收入人群、60岁以上高龄及性活跃期年龄好发是当前梅毒患者的特征。结论广州地区梅毒疫情上升出现结构性特征,早期梅毒逐年下降,胎传梅毒、隐性梅毒和Ⅲ期梅毒逐年上升,加强梅毒筛查及疫情管理、阻断梅毒母婴传播、加强重点人群的健康教育,是当前梅毒控制的主要任务。

Objective To analyze the tendency and features of syphilis epidemics in Guangzhou between 2000 and 2011,and to provide evidence for formulating preventive measures.Methods Syphilis related data in Guangzhou were collected from the sexual transmitted disease（STD） epidemic reporting system（2000-2003）and the CDC infectious cases reporting system（2004-2011）,Annual reported incidence of syphilis and demographic characteristics of the syphilitic patients were analyzed.Results The reported incidence of syphilis was increasing from 2000 to 2011.It was 104.61/100 000 in 2011,1.51 times higher than that in 2000.The prevalence rate of early and secondary syphilis decreased by 5.28% annually during this period,but that of latent syphilis,congenital syphilis and late syphilis increased annually on average by 21.56%,18.34% and 35.59%,respectively in the same period.Of those reported in 2011,only 39.37% were diagnosed by clinicians in STI departments of different hospitals and the other 60.63% were detected by clinical screening of pre-operation,HIV counseling and testing（VCT）as well as specific examination.The analysis showed that people infected with syphilis were characterized with low-income,lower educational background,sex-active age and being older than 60.Conclusion Structural changes occur in syphilis epidemics.Latent syphilis and congenital syphilis increase annually,while early syphilis decreases gradually.Strengthened syphilis screening and epidemic management,prevention of syphilis infection from mother to baby and health education targeting high risk population represent the focus of syphilis control at present.