药师干预前后门诊处方对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Outpatient Prescriptions before and after Intervention by Pharmacists

目的:探讨药师对门诊不合理处方的干预效果。方法:以随机抽样法抽取2011年8—12月1 000张处方作为干预前研究资料,按照有关规定对其进行评价,并将结果反馈给临床医师以进行有效干预;以随机抽样法抽取2012年4—7月1 000张处方作为干预后研究资料,按照有关规定进行再次评价,并将结果进行统计分析。结果:经药师干预后,抗菌药物使用率、国家基本药物使用率、药品通用名使用率和处方合理率有显著改善(P<0.01);在不合理处方分类方面,干预后用法与用量不正确、超剂量用药、不合理使用抗菌药物项目较干预前有显著改善(P<0.01)。此外,抗菌药物的分级使用情况在干预后也得到了显著改善(P<0.01)。结论:经药师干预后,门诊处方的大部分指标有显著改善,但仍有部分指标未达到规定要求,还存在不合理用药现象。药师应持续不断地对医师处方实施干预,以规范医师处方行为,最终使门诊处方用药达到安全、有效、经济。

OBJECTIVE：To explore the intervention effect of pharmacists on irrational outpatient prescriptions.METHODS： With a random sampling method,1 000 outpatient prescriptions were selected between August 2011 and December 2011 as research data（pre-intervention） for evaluation in accordance with the relevant criteria,with the results fed back to the clinical physicians so as to achieve effective intervention;another 1000 outpatient prescriptions were randomly sampled between April 2012 and July 2012 and evaluated in accordance with the related criteria with the results analyzed statistically.RESULTS： After intervention by pharmacists as compared with before intervention,the rate of antibiotic use,the rate of essential drug use,the rate of generic name use and rate of rational prescriptions improved significantly（P0.01）;regarding the irrational prescriptions,after intervention,the problems such as incorrect usage dosage,overdose and irrational use of antibiotics improved significantly as compared with before intervention（P0.01）;moreover,the graded use of antibacterials improved significantly after intervention（P0.01）.CONCLUSION： After intervention by pharmacists,most indicators of the outpatient prescriptions have improved significantly;however,some indicators were not up to the standard and irrational use of drug still existed.Therefore,pharmacists should continue to give intervention on prescriptions to regulate physicians＇ prescribing practices so as to promote safe,effective,economical and rational use of drugs in outpatients.