益生菌抗结肠癌作用及分子机制研究进展

Research Progress of Probiotics in Colon Cancer Prevention and Its Molecular Mechanism

益生菌是指一类通过改善肠内菌群平衡,对宿主起到有益作用的活性微生物,具有提高免疫力、抗过敏、缓解炎性肠道疾病、抗感染、抗癌等生物学功能。本文首先阐述益生菌、益生菌发酵液、其菌体成分、代谢成分抗结肠癌作用的研究进展;随后阐述其抗结肠癌的分子机制,主要包括;免疫调节和抗炎症作用,抑制细胞增殖和促进细胞凋亡,产生有益的代谢物和抑制致癌物活化酶与遗传解毒;最后介绍益生菌在临床医学研究中的应用情况,益生菌不仅可以在结肠癌发生过程中起到一定的保护作用,且能够很好的改善结肠术后患者的肠道相关症状。目前,益生菌菌体活性成分的分离及其功能研究也逐渐成为新的研究热点,这些将为更深入准确地了解益生菌的作用机制,更好的、更快的、更全面的利用益生菌及其制剂提供新的思路和途径。

Probiotics are usually live microorganisms which confer health benefits on host like improving intestinal flora balance.It can improve a number of physiological functions such as enhancing immunity,relieving hypersensitivity and inflammatory bowel disease,defencing infection,as well as anticancer,etc.This review summary the research progress of anti-colon-cancer effectiveness of probi-otics,its fermentation broth,its bacteria composition and metabolic compositions firstly.Then the molecular mechanisms of its anti-colon carcinoma properties are introduced.Its molecular mechanisms mainly includes： immune-modulatory properties and anti-inflammatory,inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis,producing beneficial metabolites,inhibiting carcinogens-activated enzyme and an-ti-genotoxic activity.Finally,the applications of probiotics in clinic are presented.The results show that probiotics not only play a pro-tective role in the development of colon cancer,but also greatly improve the gut symptoms of patients with carcinoma after colostomy.At present,separation of active probiotic bacteria ingredients and its function research has become a research focus.These will provide the novel strategies and idea for exploring,exploiting and applying the products of probiotics in future.