可持续利用和保护南极资源的法律研究及中国的战略选择

Research on the laws concerning the sustainable use and protection of the Antarctic resources and the strategic choice of China

国际社会对丰富、独特且具有重大经济战略意义的南极资源展开了新一轮的国际纷争。南极条约冻结了南极的领土主权,考虑到南极及其资源的法律属性的特殊内涵是建立在人类共同遗产原则基础上的,以及南极现有管理体制的缺陷,建议应扩大适用人类共同遗产原则。根据南极条约体系中始终贯穿的养护南极资源、保护南极环境、维持南极生态平衡的可持续发展理念,提出我国在南极问题上的战略选择和发展路径:对内促进我国有关南极的政策立法与国际接轨、加大资金技术的支持、加强南极科学和法学领域的研究;对外加强与国际社会的交流与合作,共创和谐的国际环境和南极环境。。

The international community launches a new round of international disputes on the Antarctic resources since these resources are of economic and strategic significance. The Antarctic Treaty has frozen the territorial sovereignty of Antarctic. In view of the special connotation of the legal property of the Antarctic area and its resources, which is established on the principle of the common heritage of mankind, and the deficiencies of existing management system, it is suggested that we should amplify the application of common heritage of mankind principle. In the Antarctic Treaty System, it has run through the concept of sustainable development, such as conserving the resources of the Antarctic, protecting the environment of the Antarctic and maintaining the ecological balance of the Antarctic. Suggestions on China＇ s strategic choices and development path on the Antarctic are put forward： at home we should promote China＇ s Antarctic policy and legislation to act on international convention, enhance the support from capital and technology strongly, as well as the extensive and in-depth research on the field of science and jurisprudence; and from international view, we should strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the international community to create the harmonious environment of international society and Antarctic.