高血压患病及相关因素的现况研究

A Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Hypertension

目的了解浙江省杭州、绍兴和嘉兴市的高血压分布特征及危险因素,为浙江省高血压的预防控制工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取2011年3市≥35岁常住人口3200人,进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测,并运用SAS 9.0统计软件进行分析。结果调查人群高血压粗患病率26.12%,标化患病率为22.87%。男性30.79%高于女性21.13%,农村30.28%高于城镇16.28%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄、文化程度低、高血压家族史、BMI以及高血糖为高血压主要危险因素,OR值分别为1.19、1.54、1.13、1.43和1.44。结论杭州、绍兴和嘉兴市人群高血压患病率较高,需开展以控制高血压危险因素为主的综合防治措施。

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and risk factors of hypertension in Hangzhou, Shaoxing and Jiaxing in order to provide the scientific basis for preventing and controlling hypertension in Zhejiang Province. Methods A questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory test were conducted among 3200 residents aged above 35 who were selected with stratified cluster random sampling from 3 cities in 2011. The risk factors were analyzed by using SAS 9.0. Results The crude prevalence rate and standardized prevalence rate of hypertension were 26. 12% and 22. 87% respectively; and the rate reached 30. 79% in the male, which was higher than the 21.13% in the female; it was 30. 28% in the rural area, higher than the 16. 28% in the town. All the differences has statistical significances （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the major risk factors of hypertension included advanced age, low education level, family history of hypertension, BMI and hyperglycemia, and the OR values were 1.19, 1.54, 1.13, 1.43 and 1.44, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high in Hangzhou, Shaoxing and Jiaxing cities. Therefore, the r.nrnnr^h~n,~iv,.~ ^-anfml rnt^gllr,~,a rntl,at he enrri^rl nnt tn ,.,nntcnl ths~ rifle fat.tnra nf h,cn^rtt^n~inn