电化学和化学加工法制备铝基体超双疏表面

Research on Electrochemical and Chemical Machining Technology of Superamphiphobic Surfaces on Al Substrates

通过电化学和化学加工技术在铝基体上制备出超双疏(超疏水-超疏油)表面,并用扫描电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射仪、能量色散X射线光谱仪和光学接触角测量仪对所得样品表面的微观形貌、化学成分和润湿性进行了分析。研究结果表明,电化学和化学加工后的铝样品表面存在由微米级的长方形凸台铝结构和纳米级的针状勃姆石、氧化铝结构所构成的二元微纳米粗糙结构;此样品表面在氟化处理前显示超亲水-超亲油性;经氟化处理后,样品表面转变为超双疏性,水、甘油、花生油、十六烷在样品表面的接触角分别为166.6°、164.7°、160.1°和157.7°,滚动角分别为2.0°、2.0°、4.0°和3.5°;二元微纳米粗糙结构的获得及表面能的降低是铝表面获得超双疏性的必要条件。与已有方法相比,电化学和化学加工技术具有简单、高效、安全、成本低等优点。

Superamphiphobic （both superhydrophobic and superoleophobic） surfaces on A1 substrates are fabricated via electrochemical and chemical machining technology. The surface morphology, chemical composition, and wettability of the sample surfaces are investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and optical contact angle measurements. The results show that, after the electrochemical and chemical machining, the micro/nanometer-scale binary rough structures composed of micrometer-scale rectangular-shaped plateau structures and nanometer-scale needle-like boehmite and alumina structures are present on the sample surfaces. The obtained sample surfaces show superhydrophilicity and superoleophilicity before fluorination. Whereas, after fluorination, the sample surfaces change to superamphiphobic. The water contact angles of water, glycerol, peanut oil, and hexadecane are 166.6°, 164.7°, 160. t o, and 157.7°, respectively. The water rolling angles of water, glycerol, peanut oil, and hexadecane are 2°, 2°, 4°, and 3.5°, respectively. The acquirement of the micro/nanometer-scale rough structures and the reduction of the surface energy are essential to fabricate superamphiphobic surfaces. Compared with the other methods, the main advantages of the electrochemical and chemical machining technology are simple, highly effective, safe, and low cost.