鲐鱼灯光围网渔船水上集鱼灯水中照度分布及优化配置的理论计算

The theoretical calculations of underwater irradiance of upper water fish aggregation lamps and its optimal allocation in light purse seine vessels for chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)

采用叠加法照度计算模式,根据一组鲐鱼灯光围网渔船中3艘不同渔船的水上集鱼灯布置参数,使用自行开发的水上集鱼灯水下光场计算系统,对各船的水中照度分布进行了计算,获得船舷右侧中部水深方向200m范围内不同深度的照度,并使用Surfer 8.0软件绘制等值曲线图,结果表明:主灯船在总功率为180kW的情况下,10lx的等照度曲线水平方向最远在56m左右,水深方向不超过20m;离船水平距离40m、垂直距离40m处的照度约为0.01lx。副灯船在总功率为120kW的情况下,10lx的等照度曲线水平方向最远在46m左右,水深方向不超过18m;离船水平距离33m、垂直距离38m处的照度约为0.01lx。网船在总功率为40kW的情况下,10lx的等照度曲线水平方向最远在45m左右,水深方向不超过15m;离船水平距离30m、垂直距离35m处的照度为0.01lx左右。从集鱼灯的配置情况来看,主灯船、副灯船与网船目前的配置均较好,但主灯船在灯距增大到0.26m、灯高增大到5m时可增加1.6%的有效水体体积,副灯船在灯距减少到0.28m、灯高增大到5m时可增加2.1%的有效水体体积,网船在灯距增大到0.64m、灯高增大到9m时可增加1.7%的有效水体体积。计算结果还表明,大幅度的增加光诱渔船的集鱼灯功率并不能很有效的提高该船的光诱范围。

According to the arrangement parameters of attracting lamps on the light purse seine vessels, the illumination distribution underwater was calculated. The results showed that in the case of the total power of fishing lamps being 180 kW in main light vessel, the equal illumination curve of 10 lx could reach 56 m in horizontal direction in the farthest, and did not exceed 20 m in vertical direction. In 40 m vertical and 40 m horizontal distance from the ship, the illumination was about 0.01 Ix. In the second case of the total power of fishing lamps being 120 kW in vice light vessel, the equal illumination curve of 10 lx could reach 46 m in the horizontal farthest,and did not exceed 20 m in vertical direction. In 40 m vertical and 33 m horizontal distance from the ship, the illumination was about 0.01 lx. In the third case of the total power of fishing lamps being 40 kW in net vessel, the equal illumination curve of 10 lx could reach 45 m in the horizontal farthest, and did not exceed 15 m in vertical directiong. In 35 m water depth and 38 m horizontal distance from the ship, the illumination was about 0. 01 lx. As to the configuration of fish lamp, the present current configuration of main light vessel is good, but if we increase the space to 0.26 m, and increase the lamps＇ height to 5 m, 1.6%