上海市消防战斗员血镉水平调查

Investigation on blood cadmium level of firefighters in Shanghai City

目的了解上海市临退役消防基层战斗员血镉水平,并提出干预建议。方法对1 892名上海市临退役消防基层战斗员静脉采血,使用原子吸收分光光度仪对血镉水平进行测定,并与对照组血镉水平情况进行比较分析。结果调查组血镉超标率为6.1%(115/1 892),对照组超标率为2.7%(32/1 178),差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.997,P<0.01)。消防基层战斗员血镉水平为(0.078±0.017)μmol/L,对照组血镉水平为(0.067±0.009)μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(t=23.372,P<0.01)。结论消防员的血镉超标率及血镉水平均高于对照组。建议密切关注消防员的职业健康状况,对血镉水平异常的消防员进行干预,并加强对消防员的职业健康教育。

[Objective]To understand the blood cadmium level of the firefighters who will be released from military service in Shanghai City,and put forward suggestions on intervention.[Methods]The level of the blood cadmium of 1892 firefighters in Shanghai City are assayed and measured with the instrument of atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The blood cadmium level of the investigation group was compared with a randomized control group.[Results]The over standard rate of blood cadmium was 6.1%（115/1 892） in investigation group and 2.7%（32/1 178） in control group,with significant difference（χ2=17.997,P0.01）.The blood cadmium level of grassroots firefighters was（0.078±0.017） μmol/L,that of control group was（0.067±0.009） μmol/L,with significant difference（t=23.372,P0.01）.[Conclusion]The over standard rate of blood cadmium and blood cadmium level of firefighters were both higher than those of the control group.It is suggested to pay close attention to the occupational health status of firefighters,to intervene in the abnormal blood cadmium level,and strengthen occupational health education.