2011年北京市昌平区手足口病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Changping District of Beijing in 2011

目的了解北京市昌平区2011手足口病的流行病学特征及规律,为降低手足口病发病率,为减少手足口病重症及死亡病例提供依据。方法对疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的手足口病疫情资料进行描述统计分析,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义,并对部分患者进行病原学检测。结果 2011年共报告手足口病3 730例,发病率为224.63/10万(3 730/1 660 501),病死率为0.05%,发病主要集中在5岁以下儿童,占全部的病例94.13%,发病性别差异有统计学意义(χ2=52.925,P<0.01),发病数排在前3位的地区是东小口镇、回龙观镇、北七家镇。结论手足口病是北京市昌平区2011年发病率较高的重点传染病,在流行季节要积极进行宣教,加强托幼机构等集体单位的管理,开展爱国卫生运动,进行手足口病原学实时监测,及时调整防控策略。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics and law of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD） in Changping District of Beijing in 2011,and provide the basis for decreasing the incidence rate of HFMD,reducing the severe cases and death cases.[Methods]The epidemic data of HFMD from the reports of China disease information management system were analyzed with descriptive statistics.SPSS 17.0 software was applied on analysis.By χ2 test,P value P 0.05 was considered statistically significant.The pathogen detection was conducted in some patients.[Results]A total of 3730 HFMD cases had been reported in 2011,the incidence rate was 224.63/lakh（3 730/1 660 501）,and the fatality rate was 0.05%.94.13% of total cases were children under five years old,and there was significant difference in incidence rate between males and females（χ2=52.925,P0.01）.The top three areas of case number were Dongxiaokou Town,Huilongguan Town and the Beiqijia t Town.[Conclusion]HFMD is the major infectious disease with higher incidence rate in Changping District in Beijing in 2011.During the epidemic seasons,it is necessary to actively carry out the propaganda and education,strengthen the management of childcare institutions,develop patriotic health campaign,carry out timely pathogen monitoring of HFMD,and promptly adjust prevention and control strategies.