鲁迅与大江健三郎文学中的审美思想比较——以“狗”“羊”与“狼”为隐喻

Aesthetic Ideas in Literary Works of Lu Xun and Kenzaburōōe:Dogs and Sheep as Metaphors

通过对鲁迅与大江健三郎的具体文本分析发现,二者在小说中关注"人与动物"的关系时,分别从人类生命进化的视角,赋予了动物"羊、狗和狼"丰富的隐喻。鲁迅认为,如果"兽性"中没有了巨獒的野性,则只剩下吧儿狗和羊类家畜的媚态、温顺,那就意味着人性的扭曲和丧失。深受鲁迅文学影响的大江健三郎,在其文学作品中也充分表现了这一特质。经对比分析表明,二者在其不同的作品中,分别塑造了缺乏反抗精神的"狗"的意象;任人宰割的"羊"的奴性和具有野性之美的"狼",凸显了各自独特的审美思想。

During the period of May Fourth Movement, Lu Xun regarded humanity as anunity of animality and divin- ity. If animality is reduced to docility of Pekinese and sheep without the ferity of mastiffs, then humanity will be faced with deformation and forfeit. Therefore, when Lu Xun wrote about relationship between man and animals in his novel, he actually endowed a lot of metaphors into dogs and sheep fromthe perspective ofhuman evolution. Deeply influenced by Lu Xun＇ s works, Kenzaburroe＇ s works also bear this characteristic, especially his early works The Strange Work and Human Sheep. The former built the image of a dog without rebellious spirit and the lat- er portrayed the servility of sheep waiting to be killed. Both works show their own unique aesthetic ideas through metaphors of dogs and sheeo.