认知域视角下词义民族性特点探析

A Probe into Nationality of Lexical Meaning in View of Cognitive Domain

认知语言学认为,词义与人们的认知能力和认知方式有关,它是客观现实通过词的中介在头脑中的概括反映。Langacker认为认知域是内化于人类大脑中的知识内容,它是描写语义单位的语境,是概念化过程中的一个确定领域,并以此为参照物对语义单位的特征进行描写。语义单位通过认知域得到凸显。各民族生活环境、文化心理、价值观念等的差异使内化于大脑中的认知域也产生一定差异。基于存在差异的认知域基础之上的词义认知自然会带有其民族的烙印。于是,词义也会带有民族性的特点。

Cognitive linguistics thinks that lcxical meaning is closely related to human＇ s cognitive ability and cognitive manner accord- ing to cognitive linguistics. It is the conceptulizinged reflection of reality in human brain through the media of words. Langncker thinks that cognitive domain refers to the knowledge internalized in human brain. It is a context to define lexical meaning during the process of conceptulization. Lexical meaning is prominenced gets prominent in a certain cognitive domain. Differences in people ＇ s living sur- roundings, cultural psychology and value concepts naturally result in the differences in cognitive domain which greatly influlences peo- ple ＇ s construal cognition of lexical meaning. This characterizes nationality to lcxlcal meaning. Thereupon w lexical meaning is charac- terized by bears national characteristics.