德里达解构思想的理论形态探析

On Derrida's Theory of Deconstruction

德里达的解构思想具有两歧性,这给人们的理解设置了障碍。对德里达的文本,不同的人能从不同角度作出迥异的解读。这些多元化的解读恰恰从另一个方面反映了解构思想理论形态的丰富性和复杂性。德里达打破了学科界限,他的解构思想也呈现出多重性的理论形态。解构思想的理论形态是在对传统社会、意识形态及文本实然样态及其伦理问题的反思、批判中生成和发展的。在文本批判方面,解构的过程是通过对文本进行外在性的解读实现的;在思想批判层面,它的实质是对西方传统形而上学哲学的解构;在日常生活批判方面,解构打破保守和等级森严的秩序,使我们能够自由自在地思考与生活。

There are great obstacles on the road of understanding Derrida＇s theory of deconstruction because it is contradictory in itself. Different people come into different interpretations from different angles while analyzing his texts, which in turn shows the richness and complexity of the theory itself. He broke the boundaries of disciplines and his theory shows multiple forms. Its theoretical form comes from reflections and criticism on the sudden forms and ethical issues of traditional social and ideological forms and texts. In text criticism, the process of deconstruction means external interpretation of the texts ; in ideology criticism , it means the deconstruction of traditional western metaphysics; in the criticism of aspects of everyday life, it means the deconstrnction of the conservative and strict hierarchical order in order to create a freer atmosphere for people to think and live.