广东潮汕地区海外移民形态的新变化

New Migration Pattern in the Chaozhou-Shantou Area of Guangdong Province

论文介绍了广东潮汕侨乡自由移民的历史传统,分析阐述了该地区移民形态以及与海外经济联系的变化。改革开放后,广东潮汕地区的人口迁移,经历了深刻的历史性变化,侨乡人口迁移从传统的海外自由移民与国内移民并重,转变为以国内移民为主、海外暂居为辅,从而加速了海外华侨社会向华人社会的转变、国内归侨侨眷社会向侨属社会的转变。随着侨汇的枯竭,侨乡相应衍生出"旅游贸易"和"非法务工"等涉外经济形态。它的产生和发展,实际上是当今全球化条件下劳动力、资金等要素的国际流转在潮汕侨乡的具体体现。往返于侨乡和海外、从事海外贸易和劳工作业的群体,带有传统意义上的"侨"的色彩。这些新的侨情变化,应该引起学界和有关部门的重视。

Since late 1980s,a new migration pattern has emerged in the Chaozhou-Shantou area of Guangdong province.In this new pattern,people from the Chaozhou-Shantou area have chosen booming cities in the Zhujiang delta or domestic metropolis instead of traditional Southeast Asian countries as their migration designations.Some of them would still go abroad for a short-term stay to do business or to work as undocumented workers but not for permanent residence.Due to a lack of supply of new migrants coming from their hometowns,the overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia have loosened their ties to the originated places of their old generations.In turn,qiaoxiang in the Chaozhou-Shantou area has undergone significant transformations.It is no longer the place inhabited predominantly by direct relatives of overseas Chinese(qiaojuan) but instead it is now inhabited mainly by individuals having connections with indirect relatives overseas(qiaoshu).