蒙古黄芪的化学成分研究

Chemical constituents from Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus

目的研究蒙古黄芪乙醇提取物石油醚、二氯甲烷、醋酸乙酯萃取部位的化学成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备液相色谱等方法进行分离、纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为红车轴草素(1)、芒柄花素(2)、芒柄花素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、毛蕊异黄酮(4)、毛蕊异黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、(6aR,11aR)-3-羟基-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷(6)、(6aR,11aR)9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、黄芪皂苷Ι(8)、乙酰黄芪皂苷Ι(9)、黄芪皂苷ΙΙ(10)、异黄芪皂苷ΙΙ(11)、腺嘌呤(12)、β-谷甾醇(13)、胡萝卜苷(14)。结论此次从蒙古黄芪中主要分离得到黄酮类和皂苷类化合物。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in petroleum ether,methylene chloride,and ethyl acetate fractions in the alcohol extract from the dried roots of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus.Methods The constituents were separated and purified by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,and preparative HPLC.Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data.Results Fourteen compounds were obtained and identified as pratensein（1）,formononetin（2）,formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside（3）,calycosin（4）,calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside（5）,（6aR,11aR）-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan（6）,（6aR,11aR）9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside（7）,astragaloside Ι（8）,acetylastragaloside Ι（9）,astragaloside ΙΙ（10）,isoastragaloside ΙΙ（11）,adenine（12）,β-sitosterol（13）,and daucosterol（14）.Conclusion Flavonoids and saponins are the essential components in A.membranaceus var.mongholicus.