TG01/SZ08交会对接轨道确定与预报精度分析

Accuracy Analysis of Orbit Determination and Prediction for TG01/SZ08 Rendezvous and Docking

以我国首次空间交会对接为背景,介绍了交会对接任务轨道计算和预报的新特点。针对TG01("天宫一号"目标飞行器)调相控制期间的中长期轨道预报问题,分析了影响预报精度的多种因素,定量给出了偏航飞行姿态对轨道预报的影响,通过对不同策略预报结果的比较,制定了轨道预报的最优策略;针对SZ08("神舟八号"飞船)远距离导引期间的短弧定轨,采用适应短弧情况下的定轨策略,分别利用3圈、6圈地基统一S频段和中继卫星数据的定轨位置精度优于50m。

New characteristics of orbit determination and prediction are presented in the background of the first ren- dezvous and docking mission of China. Factors affecting orbit prediction accuracy, including yaw steering mode, are analyzed quantitatively in order to solve the long term orbit prediction problem during the period of phasing maneu ver of TG01 （Tiangong-1）. The optimal orbit prediction strategy is set up through results comparison using differ- ent strategies. Regarding the orbit determination with short arc of SZ08 （Shenzhou-8） spaceship during the far range guided phase, orbit determination strategy adapted to the short arc condition is adopted. As a result, the position accuracy is better than 50m with 3 and 6 passes during orbit determination with ground-based S-band tracking data and tracking data of the TDRSS （Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System）.