抽象行政行为司法审查方式的比较探析

Comparative Analysis on Judicial Review Pattern of Abstract Administrative Act

目前,学界对将抽象行政行为纳入行政诉讼受案范围已基本达成共识,却鲜有对抽象行政行为司法审查方式的专门探讨。世界主要国家和地区在这一问题上均采用了具体审查方式,同时对抽象审查方式的适用予以限制。我国宪政体制和司法实践现状将行政法规排除在司法审查的范围之外,推行抽象审查行政规章及规范性文件的时机尚不成熟。未来应通过修改《行政诉讼法》以授权法院在个案中拒绝适用违法规章,宣告违法的行政规范性文件无效。

At present,it almost comes to the consensus that the Abstract administrative act belongs to the scope of administrative litigation in the academic circles,but there is rare specific discussion on its judicial review pattern.In this issue,common practice of the mainstream countries and regions is concrete review and limited Abstract review.In view of China＇s constitutional system and judicial practice conditions,the court has no jurisdiction to review the legality of administrative legislation.Meanwhile Chinese court is premature in taking Abstract review on administrative regulations and other normative documents.In the future,the Administrative Litigation Law should be modified so that the court can refuse to apply illegal regulations and declare invalidation in individual cases.