《诗大序》和《礼记·乐记》的诗乐理论

On the Theory of Poetry and Music in "Shi Da Xu" and "The Book of Music,Book of Rites"

《诗大序》进一步阐明诗歌的本质特征,提出了抒情言志说;强调诗乐与时代政治的密切关系,注重诗歌的教化作用;总结诗歌的体裁与表现方法,提出六义说。《礼记·乐记》集中论乐,涉及音乐的本原问题,提出物感心动的理论;阐述音乐的美感,重视文艺的社会作用;强调情感的真挚,发表"唯乐不可以为伪"的不刊之论。

＂Shi Da Xu＂,or Research on The Book of Songs,makes further demonstration on the nature of poetry,advocating the theory of expressing emotions and ambitions,emphasizing the close relation of poetry or music and politics.Moreover,it lays stress on the function of enlightenment and summarizes the types and techniques of expression,proposing ＂six meanings of poetry＂.＂The Book of Music,Book of Rites＂ focuses on discussing on music,involving the principle of music,proposing the theory of ＂objects touching a chord in heart＂.It also illustrates the aesthetic feelings from music;lays stress on social functions of literature and art;and pays attention to sincerity of emotions by presenting the unalterable argument of ＂only music cannot be hypercritical.＂