论奥古斯丁的世界历史观念

On Augustine's Ideas of the World History

《上帝之城》第十八卷中,奥古斯丁在"以色列"和"巴比伦"的主题下阐释了世界历史观念,这是古代作家第一次清楚地论述世界历史观念,它改变了古代社会的民族史观。奥古斯丁以为所有的历史都是救赎史,而救赎史乃是以上帝在历史中的行动尤其是耶稣基督的道成肉身为其前提,历史则是有位格的记忆。世界历史根源于历史的位格本性,基督教会而不是民族国家将成为世界历史的主体。

In the City of God,Augustine relates the idea of the world history under the title Israel and Babylon,which is the first time for ancient writers to relate the idea of world history clearly,and it changes the views of national history of the old society.Augustine regards all history as history of salvation,and the latter is based on the operations of God in history,especially the Incarnation of Jesus Christ,and therefore,history is personal memory.The world history originates in the personal nature of history,so the subject of the world history should be the Christ Church not the national country.