多发性硬化的发病机制

The Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

多发性硬化是一种慢性的中枢神经系统炎性疾病,表现为中枢神经系统神经元的脱髓鞘。病程进展中出现少突神经胶质细胞损害和轴索破坏。尽管多发性硬化病因不清,目前已知自身免疫和感染是发病的重要因素,也有遗传因素参与其中。本文强调了B细胞的影响和膜脂肪代谢也是多发性硬化发病机制的重要因素,尤其与患者血浆、红细胞和白细胞、脑脊液中亚麻酸(C18:2n-6)和花生四烯酸(C20:2n-6)水平减少相关。

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nerve system which leads to neuronal demyelination. In the aggressive disease course, oligodendrocytes and axons are destroyed and result in sclerotic plaques, or lesion formation. Although the underlying cause of multiple sclerosis remains unknown, both autoimmune and infectious are important factors which might initiate the inflammatory process. Metabolic disturbances, especially lipid metabolic abnormalities, have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease and the decrease of C 18：2n-6（linoleic acid） and C20：4n-6（arachidonic acid） in blood plasma, platelets, white and red blood cells.