基于计划行为理论的中老年人冬季锻炼行为研究

Research on Mid-aged and Old People' Winter Physical Exercises with the Theory of Planned Behavior

冬季往往成为中老年疾病的高发季节,提高中老年群体冬季参与体育锻炼的积极性对预防冬季疾病的发生具有重要意义。依据"计划行为理论"编制调查问卷,使用整群随机抽样和雪球抽样的方法,对中老年人冬季锻炼行为进行研究。结果表明:锻炼态度、知觉行为控制和锻炼行为意向的得分较高,而主观规范得分较低,中老年人每次平均锻炼时间为20.25 min,每周锻炼次数在3～5次的人达到66.67%;"锻炼态度"和"知觉行为控制"决定中老年人冬季锻炼行为的参与意向,"锻炼行为意向"决定中老年人的冬季锻炼行为。

Considering the winter as high -occurrence season of mid -aged and old people＇ illness , it＇s sig-nificant for preventing the winter illness to arise their enthusiasm of physical exercises. With the theory of planned behavior, the paper has a questionnaire to investigate the mid -aged and old people＇s winter physical exercises with methods of cluster random sampling and snowball sampling. The results show that their exercise attitude, perceived behavioral control, exercise behavioral intention score higher, but their subjective norm score lower; their exercise spends 20.25 min every time, 66.6% people can exercise 3 - 5 times every week; the exercise attitude and perceived behavioral control decide their exercise behavioral intention, the exercise behavioral intention decide their winter physical exercise.