《魔戒》中的英雄主义和托尔金的英雄观

Heroism in The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien's Hero Concept

英国魔幻作家托尔金是古盎格鲁———撒克逊语言学家和史诗《贝奥武甫》研究专家,同时也是一名虔诚的天主教徒,因此其作品《魔戒》中融入了北欧神话和英雄史诗的英雄传统,且英雄形象塑造和情节发展方面都带有基督教的烙印。《魔戒》对古日耳曼英雄传统的沿袭和对基督教的皈依,使中世纪英雄主义和基督英雄主义在作品中同现,是日耳曼古老的文化传统与基督教文化的撞击融合。

Tolkien, the author of The Lord of the Rings, is an expert on Beowulf as well as a linguist on the Anglo-Saxon languages. The Lord of the Rings, therefore, absorbs the heroic traditions from the tra- ditional Norse mythology and epics. Tolkien himself is a devout Catholic, so both the plot and hero image building of the novel are like that in the Bible. The novel not only follows the ancient Germanic heroic tra- ditions, but also moves closer to Christianity, which gives birth to the co-occurrence of the medieval hero- ism and Christian heroism, resulting in the head-on impact and reconciliation between the ancient Germanic cultural tradition and the Christian culture. Tolkien＇s hero concept helps people find the way to the genuine hero.