Effects of Continuous Nitrogen Application on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization in Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System

连续施氮对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系产量和氮素吸收与利用的影响(英文)

[Objective] This study aimed to achieve high yield and stable yield of win- ter wheat-summer maize rotation system and provide basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer. [Method] Effects of continuous nitrogen application on grain yield, economic profit, nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency, and soil inorganic nitrogen accumulation in winter wheat-summer maize rotation system were investigated. [Re- sult] Nitrogen application could significantly increase the y（eld of the winter wheat- summer maize rotation system, which increased by 17.76%-30.32% and 22.24%- 46.63% in two rotation cycles, respectively. The yield of the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system was the maximum in two rotation cycles with nitrogen appli- cation amount of 660.0 kg/hm2, which reached respectively 23 391.19 and 23 444.35 kg/hm2, the yield and economic benefit were the highest, the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency was 22.2% and 30.7%, the agronomic efficiency was 8.3 and 11.3 kg/kg. However, the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and agronomic efficiency between ni- trogen application amount of 540.0 and 660.0 kg/hm2 showed no significant differ- ence. After two rotation cycles, inorganic nitrogen accumulation in 0-40 cm soil with nitrogen application amount of 540.0 kg/hm2 was almost equal to that before experi- ment. [Conclusion] Under the experimental conditions, comprehensively considering the grain yield, economic profit, nitrogen fertilizer efficiency and soil inorganic nitro- gen balance, the optimal nitrogen application amount was 625.3-660.0 kg/hm2 in high-yield winter wheat-summer maize rotation system.

[目的]为冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系高产、稳产,合理施用氮肥提供依据。[方法]研究了连续施氮对冬小麦-夏玉米产量、经济效益、氮肥吸收利用效率和土壤无机氮的影响。[结果]施氮使冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系显著增产,2个轮作周期分别增产17.76%～30.32%、22.24%～46.63%;施氮量660.0kg/hm2在2个轮作周期的产量均最高,分别为23391.19和23444.35kg/hm2,经济效益和产投比较佳,氮肥利用率分别为22.2%和30.7%,农学效率分别为8.3kg/kg和11.3kg/kg。施氮量540.0和660.0kg/hm2的氮肥利用率和农学效率均无显著差异。2个轮作周期后,施氮量540.0kg/hm2的0～40cm土壤无机氮积累量与试验前基本平衡。[结论]该试验条件下,综合产量、效益、氮肥效率及土壤无机氮平衡考虑,高产冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系适宜施氮量为625.3～660.0kg/hm2。