论政策系统与政策过程的关系——基于对国内“公共政策学”研究思路的梳理和反思

On the Relations Between Policy System and Policy Process——A Critical Review on the Current Domestic Research on Public Policy

国内的"公共政策学"主要以政策系统和政策过程为编著思路,但是对于二者之间的关系及其发生机制尚缺乏专门的讨论。根据戴维.伊斯顿和阿尔蒙德阐述的"政治系统"理论可以认定,二者之间的关系及其发生源于政策行为者之间的互动。不过,从方法论的角度来看,"政策系统"的思路难以被证伪,"政策过程"的思路又难以被证实,因此这种研究思路的科学性和解释力尚有不足。

The current domestic research on public policy is generally based on the agreement with policy system and poli- cy process. However, what the relations are between policy system and policy process and how the relations make sense, have not been discussed clearly yet. According to the discussions on political system by David Easton and Gabriel A. Almond, it is safe to propose that the relations have roots in the interaction among the policy actors. Moreover, according to the methodology rules, the falsification on policy system and the verification on policy process are both difficult to deal with, which indicates the deficiency of scientificity and explainability of the current research.