皮影戏展演仪式结构的文化阐释——以甘肃皮影戏为讨论中心

The Cultural Explanation of the Performance Ritual Structure of Shadow Play——Gansu Shadow Play as the Main Object of Discussion

作为庙会祭祀仪式的重要组成部分,皮影戏从"请戏"到"正戏"演出之前,有一系列的仪式规制。而仪式的主客体、展演程序、展演礼俗三个层面蕴含了仪式与皮影表演之间的一种互为阐释、相互依存的天然联系,仪式需要皮影戏表演作为载体来表征人神的沟通,反过来,皮影戏表演也有赖仪式得以延续、传承,甚至宗教化、神圣化。由此不仅体现了皮影戏特有的艺术形态,而且表征其在祭祀仪式中存在的合法性和正当性。

As an important part of the temple fair and sacrificial ceremony, Shadow Play has a series of ritual regulations before the performance from ＂invitation play＂ to ＂formal play＂. The three levels of the rite including the subjective and objective bodies of the rites, the performance procedure, the performance etiquette and custom, contains an inter-explanatory and inter- dependent natural relationship between the rites and the shadow play performance. On the one hand, Rites need shadow perform- ance as a carrier to characterize the communication between Man and God. On the other hand, the shadow play relies on the rites to continue, inherit, and even to realize religion evolution and sanctification. This not only reflects the unique art form of Shadow Play, but also indicates its legality and legitimacy at a worshipping ceremony.