动物眼部新生血管模型的研究进展

Research progress on ocular animal models for angiogenesis

随着新生血管性眼病治疗的发展，建立可靠性强、可重复性高的动物新生血管模型日益受到重视。常见的眼前节新生血管造模方法包括角膜微囊袋法、碱烧伤法和缝线法等。其中角膜微囊袋法通过植入目的药物分子，主要用于研究新生血管中特定的分子或蛋白；碱烧伤法和缝线法则更切实地模仿人类眼部疾病的发生过程。眼后段新生血管造模方法包括激光诱导脉络膜新生血管、缺氧诱导病理性新生血管和注射诱导炎症性新生血管等。此外，基因敲除或基因转导小鼠也成为研究新生血管中某特殊蛋白质作用的有力工具。f国际眼科纵览，2013，37：43-47）

Increasing interest in developing reliable and reproducible models to study angiogenesis has emerged due to the large development of ocular neovascularization treatments. This review provides a summary of the principal ocular animal models for angiogenesis study. Models of anterior segment neovascu- larization include the corneal micropoeket assay, used to study the influence of specific molecules/proteins in angiogenesis and corneal chemical or suture induced injury, which mimic more closely the complex nature of the human disease. Angiogenesis models of the posterior segment include the well known laser-induced injury of the choroid/Bruchg membrane as well as the oxygen induced retinopathy and models of injections of pro- angiogenic/inflammatory molecules. In addition, knockout or knock-in transgenic mice provide powerful tools in studying the role of specific proteins in angiogenesis. （Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2013, 37： 43-47）