古埃及人的“义”与“利”

The Ancient Egyptian's Moral and Profit

古埃及人没有对"义"与"利"做出系统阐述,他们对"义"与"利"的理解零散得包含在遗存文献之中。玛阿特是古埃及人据以行动的基本准则,是至高的伦理价值观念,古埃及人的义即体现在玛阿特观念中。古埃及人重"义"但并不轻"利",肯定对利益的正当追求,反对贪婪。据义取利,以利见义,义与利相统一。对古埃及人来说,最大的利益莫过于获得来世永恒,条件就是终生践行玛阿特以通过来世审判,所以从目的论而言,属于功利主义义利观。

The Ancient Egyptian didn＇t have systematic interpretation of moral and profit.Their understanding of moral and profit contained in remained documents.MAAT was Ancient Egyptian＇s principal rule that reflected their notian of moral.Ancient Egyptian took profit important when they valued moral throung which Moral and profit was unified.It is largest profit for Ancient Egyptian to be immoral in aferlife under the condition that they passed the trial by doing MAAT all the life.Their notion of moral and profit was utilitarianism.