当权利成为一种修辞--对当下权利实践问题的反思

A Reflection on the Practice of Rights as a Rhetoric

在当前权利实践中,权利被当成了一种修辞。在权利成为修辞的背后不仅体现了公民权利意识的增长,也反映权利实践中所存在的权利要求扩大化、权利行使绝对化和权利维护功利化等问题。这些问题的出现一方面是由当今权利规定的抽象性和概括性所引起,另一方面也是由当下自我持存的权利哲学和司法救济不力所致。我们只有发展一种适宜权利主体之间进行理性论辩的程序、建立为相互承认而斗争的权利观念以及探索出一套精当的司法技术和方法才能解决上述权利实践问题。

In the current practice of rights, rights are used as rhetoric. Underlying this phenomenon are issues as follows： the growth of civil rights awareness, the expansion of demands for rights, absolute and utilitarian tendency in the exercising of rights. Those issues arise as a result of abstract and general nature of the present rights provisions on the one hand. On the other hand, it can be attributed to self - subsisting as a philosophy of rights and maintaining stability as a political thinking. To solve these prob- lems, a suitable procedure of rational argumentation has to be developed between the subjects of rights, a concept of mutual recognition has to be established and a set of precise and appropriate judicial tech- niques and methods have to be developed.