提高蛹虫草质量和产量的综合生产技术研究

Integrated Production Technology for Improving the Quality and Yield of Cordyceps militaris

目前市场上生产的蛹虫草产品没有统一的质量标准,影响市场对蛹虫草产品的消费,研究结果表明,蛹虫草菌种Hz1孢子复壮的菌株培养的子实体干重高于菌种B1、Bz1、H1孢子复壮的菌株培养的子实体干重,其液体培养基最优组合为葡萄糖20g/L、蛋白胨8g/L、KH2PO41.0g/L、MgSO4500mg/L。生产富硒蛹虫草培养基的最优主料为富硒大米45g、培养液55mL,在培养温度为22℃、空气相对湿度70%时蛹虫草子实体生长最好。综合而言,子实体培养最优条件为日间温度22℃、夜间温度15℃、空气相对湿度70%、光照度200lx,并结合先用日光灯照射、待子实体长至1～2cm时使用蓝紫灯照射处理的产量最高。检测结果显示,蛹虫草子实体的有效成分含量分别为硒52.03mg/kg、蛋白质27.74%、腺苷0.05%、多糖2.50%、虫草素2.61%、氨基酸26.92%,尤其是所含的虫草素具有工业提取价值。

There has not been any uniform quality standards for production of Cordyceps militaris （L.Fr） Link in market, which affect the consummation of goods. The study results showed that fruit body dry weight of Hz spore rejuvenation strain was higher than that of B, Bz1, H spore rejuvenation strains. The optimal liquid medium contained glucose 20 g/L, peptone 8 g/L, KH2PO4 1.0 g/L, MgSO4 500 mg/L. The best main substrate in medium for production of selenium enriched C. militar/s was selenium enriched corn 45 g ＋ medium 55 mL. The fastest mycelium growth rate could be obtained under 22 ℃, and 70% humidity. Optimal conditions for fruiting body cultivation to get the highest yield was 22 ℃ at daytime and 15 ℃at night, humidity 70%, illuminanee 200 lx combined with fluorescent light firstly and then blue-violet rays when length of fruiting body was 1-2 cm. The content of selenium, protein, adenosine, polysaecharide, eordycepin and amino acids in fruiting body was 52.03 mg/kg, 27.74%, 0.05%, 2.50%, 2.61% and 26.92%, respectively, among which extraction of eordycepin was with industrial value.