不同施氮量对云烟87光合、呼吸以及产、质量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Rates on Photosynthesis,Respiration, Yield and Quality of Tobacco Vatiety Yunyan87

以西南地区广泛种植的烤烟品种云烟87为材料,在重庆市彭水县烟区进行大田试验,研究了118.5kg/hm2(处理一,常规施氮水平,作为对照CK)和155.6kg/hm2(处理二)2种氮素水平下,烟株光合、呼吸指标以及烟叶产、质量的变化.结果表明:在移栽后45d和75d时,处理二的烟叶叶绿素质量分数高于处理一;在移栽45d到90d之间,2种施氮量下烟株的净光合速率和气孔导度变化趋势相同,都呈先增加后下降的变化趋势,处理二能增加云烟87在生长后期的净光合速率;2种施氮量下,烟株的蒸腾速率变化趋势不尽相同,在移栽后的各个时间,处理二烟株的蒸腾速率低于处理一;2种施氮处理对云烟87叶片中过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性有影响,在移栽60～75d之间,处理二烟叶叶片的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性大于处理一;处理二增加上、中、下烟叶烟碱和中、下部烟叶K质量分数,降低烟叶上、中、下各个部位总糖的质量分数,使中部烟叶化学成分更协调;处理一烤烟每667m2的产量和每667m2的产值都高于处理二,而均价、上等烟率和桔色烟率则是处理二高于处理一.

Yunyan-87, field experiment in Pe a flue-cured ngshui of Ch tobacco variety widely ongqing and was suppli cultivated ed with N tional N rate, used as the control） and 168 kg/ha （T2）, and photo of the 2 treatments were monitored. Determined 45 and 75 days in Southwest China, was grown in a fertilizer at 131 kg/ha （T1, the tradi synth after esis, respiration, yield and quality transplantation, the level of leaf chlorophyll in T2 was higher than in T1. In the period of 45 to 90 days after transplantation, net photo synthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the tobacco plants showed a similar trend in both N treatments, namely first increased and then decreased, and T2 increased net photosynthetic rate of the plants in their later growth stage. Transpiration rate of the tobacco plants showed different variation trends in the two N rate dase treat and ments, polyph being lower in T2 than in T1 at various growth stages after transplantation. The peroxi enol oxidase activity were affected by the two nitrogen levels. The activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in T2 was higher than in T1 between 60 and 75 days after transplantation. In T2, nicotine increased in all leaves and K content increased in leaves of the lower part of the tobacco plants while total sugar content decreased in all leaves, thus making the chemical composition of the central leav es more coordinated. Per-mu yield and output in T1 were higher than in T1 while the rate of average price, high-quality tobacco rate and orange colored tobacco leaf rate were higher in T2