山东省引黄灌区节水灌溉的必要性与主要措施

Necessary and Dominating Measures of Water-saving in Irrigation District of Shandong Province

采用实测资料分析的方法,研究了山东省引黄灌区节水灌溉的必要性与主要措施。研究结果表明,山东省沿黄农业灌溉用水占全部引黄水量的90%,且黄河水的利用率只有45%左右,节水潜力巨大,所以迫切需要开展节水灌溉。山东省典型引黄灌区节水灌溉采用的主要措施包括:衬砌渠道,防渗节水;提高计量精度,科学调度管理;调整农作物种植结构,适当调整终端水价;采取工程措施,提高田间水利用率;探索协会管理模式等。山东省引黄灌区实现节水灌溉下一步需要开展的工作有:积极开展引黄灌区节水改造工程;提高引黄灌区节水管理水平;建立农业用水补偿机制;加大引黄灌区节水宣传力度。

Using the methods of field data analyses, the necessary and dominating measures of water - saving is researched in irrigation district of Shandong Province. The research results show that, Shandong Province along the Yellow River water for agricultural irrigation accounts for 90% of the water of the Yellow River, Yellow River water use efficiency is only about 45%, water - saving po- tential is huge, there is an urgent need for water - saving irrigation. Shandong Province water - sav- ing irrigation main measures include： lining canals, seepage water conservation; improve the meas- urement accuracy, the scientific control of management; adjust crop structure, appropriate adjust- ments to the terminal price of water; engineering measures to improve the field of water use rate; ex- plore the mode of association management. Shandong Province water - saving irrigation is the next step needs to be done ： carry out the Yellow River irrigation district project ; improve Yellow River irri-gation water management level; the establishment of agricultural water use compensation mecha-nisms; increase the Yellow River irrigation district propaganda.