全球化、世界主义和生态公民权

Globalization,Cosmopolitanism and Ecological Citizenship

全球化正日益明显地改变着我们对环境政治的认识。它在两个方面与环境问题相关:第一,环境问题及其影响都具有全球性,因而环境问题的解决也需要超出民族国家的范围;第二,全球化会促进地方和全球之间的联系并有利于实现社会的可持续发展。这些观点显然影响着绿色政治理论,因为绿色政治理论的任务之一就是在环境问题全球化的背景下理解政治共同体的转型,而其中一条途径就是为一种内生性的公民权观点即生态公民权或环境公民权奠定基础。本文的目标是揭示有关公民权的世界主义反思与绿色政治理论尝试发展自身的公民权观点两者之间的联系。笔者认为,尽管生态公民权可能会被视为一种世界主义公民权或全球公民权,但其特征和目前的发展正趋近于一种新型的公民权。

Globalization is changing our understanding of environmental politics. Basically, it is related to environmental problems in two ways. First, environmental problems and their impact have become globalized, and therefore the solution to environmental problems requires efforts beyond the national borders. Second, globalization will promote interactions between the local and the global, which will contribute to the sustainable develop- ment of society. The above mentioned views have obvious influence on the theory of green politics, for a task of which is to understand the transformation of the political community in the context of globalization of environmen- tal problems. One approach to achieve the transformation is to lay the foundation for an endogenous view-point of citizenship, namely, ecological citizenship or environmental citizenship. This article aims at re^ealing the relationship between the cosmopolitan reflection on citizenship and the green-political-theory-bised attempts to develop citizenship. The author believes that although ecological citizenship may be regarded as a cosmopolitan or global citizenship, its characteristics and current development are more close to a new type.