英国海上风电产业发展的现状、政策及经验

Research on the Development and Government's Policies of UK's Offshore Wind Power Industry

英国是世界上海洋风能资源最丰富的国家之一,其海上风电业于2000年12月起步,在短短10多年内已经发展成为全球海上风电大国,已培育了一批具有较强竞争力的海上风电建设和运营企业,并为英国经济的发展和低碳化做出了重要贡献。英国海上风电业的快速发展得益于英国政府大力扶持,主要包括对海上风电业强制性的支持政策,较为明确的产业发展规划和高效的审批机制,富有成效的经济支持和激励政策。为了促进海上风电发展,中国应借鉴英国经验,提高对发展海上风电的重视程度,制定明确规划;发挥市场机制的作用,培育强制性的能源市场;强化资金的扶持力度,创造良好的体制环境。

UK＇s offshore wind power industry has experienced a rapid development since December 2000. Now, UK is one of the most important countries in the offshore wind power industry with several competitive companies in this field. And UK＇s economy benefits from the development of offshore wind power industry. The compulsory ＂Renewables Obligation＂ policy, the clear and definite renewable energy plan, the economic incentives for offshore wind power industry of UK＇s government have played a key role in this industry. To promote the offshore wind power industry, and use the UK＇s experience as reference, China should pay more attention to the industry and formulate a clear plan for it. The market mechanism must play a more important role and the government should give the industry more economic support and optimize the examination and approval procedures.