整秆式甘蔗联合收获机断蔗尾机构

Tail-breaking Mechanism of Whole Stalk Sugarcane Combine Harvester

利用甘蔗茎秆尾部机械强度显著低于中部和基部的特点,设计了一种断尾机构。甘蔗通过该机构时5～6片青叶及其紧密包裹着的尾部可以被折断。分析了其工作原理并通过四因素三水平正交试验研究输入输出滚筒转速、断尾滚筒转速、断尾滚筒中心距和断尾滚筒上、下弹性条相对安装位置等因素对甘蔗断尾效果的影响。试验结果表明,试验条件下最优的断尾参数组合为:输入、输出滚筒转速250 r/min,断尾滚筒转速550 r/min,断尾滚筒中心距300 mm,断尾滚筒上、下弹性条相对安装位置角-20°。该断尾机构在蔗茎生长点以下4～6节位置断尾的最佳断尾率为63.3%,断尾平均长度为212 mm,标准差为57 mm,符合农艺的要求。

The mechanical strength of rear end of sugarcane stalk is significant lower than the middle and basal part. A tail-breaking mechanism was designed. When the sugarcane stalk passing through this kind of mechanism, the tails and 5 -6 pieces of young leaves could be broken. Its working principle was analyzed, and the orthogonal experiments were conducted to study the influence between the following four factors： rotate speed of feeding and output rollers, rotate speed of tail-breaking rollers, the center distance between the top and bottom tail-breaking rollers, and the relative installation position angle of the top and bottom tail-breaking roller＇ s elastic components. The result shows that the optimal parameters were as following： rotate speed of feeding and output rollers of 250 r/min, rotate speed of tail-breaking rollers of 550 r/rain, the center distance between the top and bottom tail-breaking rollers of 300 mm, and the relative installation position angle of the top and bottom tail-breaking roller＇ s elastic components of -20°. The best tail-broken rate in 4 -6 sections below the growth point of cane stalk reached to 63.3%. The average length of these tails was 212 mm and standard deviation was 57 mm which meet the agronomic requirements.