美沙酮维持治疗150例海洛因依赖者对海洛因渴求度的变化及影响因素分析

ANALYSIS OF HEROIN CRAVING AND RISK FACTORS AMONG 150 HEROIN ADDICTS RECERIVING METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN HAMI

目的:了解哈密市美沙酮治疗对药物成瘾者海洛因渴求度的控制情况,探讨美沙酮维持治疗患者接受治疗6个月后对海洛因渴求程度的改变情况以及影响渴求改变的可能因素。方法:采用《海洛因渴求问卷》分别在患者入组治疗时和治疗6个月后随访调查,分析美沙酮维持治疗前后患者对海洛因等毒品的渴求程度以及影响渴求程度改变的因素。结獉果獉:MMT患者治疗6个月后的海洛因渴求水平比基线时普遍下降,除"自我控制"外其他各因子得分差异均有统计学意义。150例MMT患者中有70例患者在治疗6个月后渴求总分得到改善,改善率为46.7%。结论:美沙酮维持治疗能够减少海洛因成瘾者对海洛因的渴求感,患者吸毒年限、文化程度和是否戒过毒是影响渴求的主要因素。

Objective：To explore the effects of methadone maintenance treatment on drug craving among heroin addicts after 6 months treatment, in Hami city. Methods：One hundred and fifty heroin addicts following methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） in Hami city were chosen for this research （non -randomized sampling method）. Community maintenance drug therapy baseline questionnaire and heroin craving questionnaire were used to compare the craving level for heroin after following the MMT for 6 months. Results： Comparing the level of craving at baseline among MMT patient, all factors were statistically decreased except the ＂self - control＂ factor score. After 6 months MMT, the craving level of MMT patients were statistically declined. Among 150 patients in MMT, craving levels of 70 patients were deceased after 6 months. The improvement rate was 46.7%. Conclusion： Drug craving level of MMT patients was decreased obviously. Result of Logistic Regression indicated that education level, drug abuse time period, compulsory drug rehabilitation history are main factors which affecting the craving levels of drug addicts. This result may contribute to the comprehensive intervention method on improving the strategies of MMT heroin addict＇ s drug craving.