西洋参鲜品与干品蛋白质、维生素C、维生素E、挥发油成分及超氧化物歧化酶活性的比较

Comparative Study on the Component of Protein,Vitamin C,Vitamin E and Volatile Oil and SOD Activity of Fresh and Dried American Ginseng

目的:对西洋参鲜品和干品蛋白质、维生素C、维生素E、挥发油成分及超氧化物歧化酶活性进行比较,为西洋参的合理应用提供参考。方法:蛋白质分析采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法;维生素C、维生素E含量测定采用分光光度法;挥发油成分分析采用GC-MS的方法;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性测定采用邻苯三酚自氧化法;并对测定结果进行t检验。结果:西洋参鲜品与西洋参干品的蛋白质电泳谱带有所不同,但鲜品蛋白质含量高于干品;维生素C、维生素E含量、SOD活性西洋参鲜品极显著高于干品(P<0.01),挥发油含量、成分种类西洋参鲜品多于干品,且成分有所不同。结论:西洋参鲜品与干品的蛋白质、维生素C、维生素E、挥发油成分有所不同,SOD活性有所差异,这可能是二者药性及作用不同的原因之一。

Objective： To compare the component of protein, vitamin C, vitamin E and volatile oil and superoside dismutase （SOD） activity of fresh and dried American ginseng and provide reference for reasonable application of American ginseng. Method： SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was carried out for protein analysis; UV spectrophotometry was used for determination of vitamin C and vitamin E; GC-MS was used for the analysis of volatile oil; SOD activity assay was detected with the methods of pyrogallol autoxidation and the data were analyzed by t-test. Result： The electrophoresis bands between fresh and dried American ginseng was different and the content of protein in fresh American ginseng was higher than dried one. The content of vitamin C and vitamin E, SOD activity assay in fresh American ginseng were significantly higher than dried one （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The content and the kind of components of volatile oil were different and in fresh American ginseng was more than dried one. Conclusion ： The component of protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, volatile oil, SOD activity in fresh American ginseng and dried one was different, which may be one of the reasons for the different of properties and efficacy.