旋转导向钻井技术应用研究及其进展

Application of rotary steering drilling technology and its research progress

旋转导向钻井技术随着油气田开发过程中人们对于钻井井眼轨迹的新要求应运而生。中国对该项技术的研究始于"九五"期间,到"十一五"期间便完成了旋转导向钻井系统工程化的研究,最终形成了一套旋转导向钻井工具系统。2009—2012年,在甘肃、四川、渤海油田等区域进行了20余次不同类型的井眼轨迹控制实钻试验,该系统已基本实现了地层参数测量、工程参数测量、定向井井眼轨迹测量和控制、信号脉冲反馈及收发等4项功能,试验最大造斜能力为6.73°/30m,达到了预期的目标和设计要求。在3大关键技术方面取得了突破:①从井下工具的测控原理到方法上取得了突破;②在定位总成的设计原理和技术上取得了突破;③在偏心稳定器获得尽可能大的侧向力的研究和设计上取得了突破。今后还将把工具的长期稳定运行和轨迹控制精度作为重点试验内容,以期尽快实现其在钻井工程中的实用化目标。

The rotary steering drilling technology arose in response to the new requirement for well track in oil and gas drilling. Such systematic research of this technology through engineering approaches had already been completed during the period between the 9th and 11th Five-Year Plans in China. Also, over 20 times of such practical drilling pilot tests had been performed on well track control in different types of boreholes in Gansu, Sichuan, and Bohai oil fields during 2009 - 2012. In conclusion, this rotary steering drilling system implemented the functions of formation parameter measurement, engineering parameter measurement, directional well track survey and control, pulse feedback and transceiver. While in the pilot tests, the maximum build-up rate reached up to 6.73°/ 30m, which met both the designed needs and the anticipated goal. In summary, a breakthrough has been made in the following three aspects： the principles and methods of observe and control of downhole tools; the design principle and technology of the orientation assembly; the research and design of the eccentric stabilizer to obtain the maximum lateral force. The further pilot tests should focus on the long-term stability of this rotary steering drilling system and its well control accuracy and thereby to improve its practicability and reliability in the future drilling practices.