一种直秆作物苗期残膜回收机构设计

Plasticfilm Recycling Mechanism Design of the Straight Rod Crops in the Seeding Stage

随着地膜覆盖栽培面积的不断增加,废膜污染越来越严重。为了对苗期废膜回收利用,研制合理的残膜回收机是目前亟待解决的问题。该机主要工作时,松土铲先将压在边膜上的土疏松,收膜轮齿将膜卷起,使膜与土壤脱离开,起膜铲帮助收膜轮齿扶膜,卸膜轮组将膜从收膜齿上卸下,并及时收集到集膜箱内;卸膜轮通过收膜轮转动,利用链传动来传递动力;待箱满后在地头将膜卸下,以防止地膜留在田间造成污染,使膜能够充分回收利用。试验时,采用18kW拖拉机牵引,行进速度为3.6km/h,残膜收净率为90%,机具的双行作业生产率为0.504 hm2/h。

With the increasing of cultivation area of the film covering and increasingly serious pollution of waste film, at present the issue to be urgently resolved is to research a reasonable recovery film machine. Therefore the waste film can be recycled by using this machine in the seeding stage. As to the main principle of the machine, shovel will loose soil tillage pressuring in the side of the film, and collecting film gears will roll up waste film to separate film and soil. Shovel will support receiving teeth groups with hand, and removing film teeth groups will remove waste film from receiving teeth groups. Then the machine will collect film to a box used for storage waste film. Removing film teeth groups will run via re ceiving teeth groups and pass power by chain transmission. Remove film from box on time while the collection box is full. This can prevent the pollution caused by waste film on farm. Then we can recycle and re-use the film. Experiment results indicated that 18kw tractor traction, speed of 3.6km/h plastic film received a net rate of 90%, the equipment＇s operating production rate of two lines is 0.504ha/h.