重庆农村老龄人口的生活质量调查

Surveying the life quality of aging population in rural Chongqing

目的:对重庆市农村老龄人口的生命质量进行评价,并分析其影响因素,为探究提高农村老龄人口的生命质量的政策提供参考依据。方法:采用分级抽样法,抽取重庆市黔江区、忠县495名农村老龄人口,用生命质量评价量表(SF-36,V2版)对其进行测量,描述其生命质量各维度得分,并通过单因素分析初探生理健康维度和心理健康维度的影响因素。结果:495名忠县农村老龄人口的生命质量总得分中位数M(四分位间距QR)为79.00(29.00),生理健康维度M(QR)得分为74.00(36.00),心理健康维度M(QR)得分为75.00(21.00)。影响生理健康维度和心理健康维度的因素相同,它们分别是年龄、性别、文化程度、邻里关系、慢性病患病情况、两周患病情况、一年内住院情况和饮酒。结论:被调查地区农村老龄人口生命质量良好,但生理健康维度得分(中位数)低于心理健康维度,应加强对其生理健康的关注。女性群体、年长者、文化程度低者更应受到社会的尊重和重视;饮酒与和谐的邻里关系对生命质量的提高有积极影响;切实加强对老龄人口慢性病的防控是提高生命质量的关键。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life of aging population in rural Chongqing,analyze its influencing factors, and provide references for formulating policies to improve the quality of life of rural aging population. Methods 495 cases of rural aging population were obtained from Qianjiang District and Zhongxian County with hierarchical sampling method, and measured with rating scale of life quality （SF-36, Edition V2 ）. And the factors influencing physiological health dimensions and mental health dimensions were studied with single factor analysis. Results The score of life quality of 495 cases of rural aging population had a median of 79.00 and interquartile range of 29.00. And scores of physiological health dimensions and mental health dimen- sions were 74.00 （36.00） and 75.00 （ 21.00）, respectively. The influencing factors were age, gender, education background, neighborhood relation, prevalence of chronic diseases, prevalence in two weeks, hospitalization within one year and drinking. Con- clusion The quality of life of rural aging population was well. But score of physiological health dimensions was lower than that of mental health dimensions. Female,elder,and group with lower education background should be valued by the society. Factors of drinking and harmonious neighborhood relation had positive impact on improving the quality of life. The key point for improving the quality of life of aging population was to intensify prevention and control of chronic diseases.