甘肃省农村基层医师培训模式的循证研究

Evidence-Based Research on Rural Primary Physicians Training Modes in Gansu Province

目的了解甘肃省农村基层医师培训中的问题,探索适合甘肃省的培训模式。方法采用文献分析、实地调查与访谈相结合的方式对甘肃省基层医师培训模式进行综合分析。计算机检索CNKI、VIP和CBM数据库,检索时限均从建库至2011年11月,并追溯纳入文献的参考文献,采用自拟质量评价标准评价纳入文献的方法学质量后,进行定性分析。另外,按照地理位置及经济发展水平对甘肃省农村基层医院分层,随机整群抽取10个乡镇卫生院,现场调查近3年参加过各类培训的临床医生、护士、卫生技术人员和卫生管理人员,对基层医师培训时间、地点、内容、形式和效果进行现状调查和访谈。结果甘肃省现有培训模式存在层次参差不齐,内容针对性不强,轻视技能训练、忽视过程管理,培训过程及效果缺少质量评价等问题。结论基层医师培训要有明确的计划和方案,应统一组织工作,有效整合教育资源,合理安排实施过程,创新培训内容和方式,并充分发挥综合性医院及高等院校的作用,以做好控制和反馈工作,促进培训模式整体化、完善化。

Objective To get known the existing problems in rural primary physicians training m taansu province, so as to explore an appropriate training mode for Gansu province. Methods This study conducted a comprehensive analysis by combining literature analysis, on-site survey and interview. Such databases as CNKI, VIP and CBM were searched to include literature published before November 2011, and the references of the included literature were also retrieved. The qualitative analysis was performed after assessing the methodological quality of the included literature ac- cording to self-designed criteria. Additionally, the rural primary hospitals in Gansu province were classified according to their geographical position and economic development level, total 10 township hospitals were randomly selected by cluster sampling, and the following stuffs participated various trainings in past 3 years were on-site-investigated： clinical doctors, nurses, medical technicians, and medical administrators, in aspects of training time, place, contents, modes, and effects. Results The existing problems in primary physicians training modes in Gansu were as follows： uneven training levels, lack of targeted contents, neglect of skill training and process management, and absence of quality assessment of training processes and effects. Conclusion The training modes require that： a） specific plans and schemes; b） unified organization to integrate educational resources effectively; c） reasonable arrangement of implementation process, and d） innovation of training methods and contents to fully play the role of general hospitals and universities; and well control and feedback to promote the integration and perfection of training modes.