198例自发性脑出血流行病学与临床特点分析

Analysis of 198 Cases of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics

目的研究与分析自发性脑出血的流行病学与临床特点。方法选取2009年1月—2011年1月来该院就诊的198例自发性脑出血患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,探讨与研究自发性脑出血的流行病学与临床特点。结果①流行病学特点:该组198例患者中,其中男112例,女86例,男女患者结构比经比较(χ2=17.09,P<0.05);年龄分布中,51～80岁年龄段的患者明显多于≤20岁、21～50岁、>80岁年龄段的患者,经比较(均P<0.05);季节分布中,第1季度与第4季度发病率明显高于第2季度与第3季度,经比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②临床特点:该组198例患者中,出血部位以基底节区最为多见,发病原因以高血压病史最为多见。结论性别、年龄、季节及高血压史等因素均为影响自发性脑出血发病的危险因素,故为了降低其临床发病率可以根据流行病学与临床特点进行有针对的预防。

Objective To study and analysis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage epidemiology and clinical features.M ethods 198 cases of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients to our hospital from January 2009 to January 2011 as the research object,a retrospective analysis of the clinical data,to explore and examine spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage epidemiology and clinical characteristics.Results ①The epidemiological characteristics：the group of 198 patients,male 112 cases,female 86 cases,the structure of male and female patients by comparison（χ2=17.09,P〈0.05）;age distribution,51 to 80 years age of patients was significantly more than ≤20 years old,21 to 50 years old,patients with80-year-old age by comparison（P〈0.05）;seasonal distribution in the first quarter and the fourth quarter of incidence was significantly higher than the first the second quarter and the third quarter,the comparison（P〈0.05）.②Clinical features：the group of 198 patients,bleeding sites in the basal ganglia is most common,the most common causes of morbidity to a history of hypertension.Conclusion Factors such as gender,age,season,and history of hypertension were affecting spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage risk factors,it can be based on epidemiological and clinical features in order to reduce the clinical incidence of targeted prevention.