试论20世纪美国高等学校教学评价发展变化的特点

。Features of development of teaching evaluation in American colleges in the 20th centruy

自本世纪初以来美国高等学校教学评价的发展经历了三个基本阶段，即以教师的个性特征为主要标准的评价阶段，以教师的课堂教学行为为主要标准的评价阶段和以综合的标准对教师教学进行全面评价的阶段。各阶段教学评价理论研究与实践活动各有其特点。

This paper divides the process of development and change of teaching evaluation in American colleges in the 20th Century into three phases. In the first phase teaching evaluation only emphasizes the personality of teacher in classrooms; in the second it develops the approach evaluating the teaching behavior of teacher in the classroom; in the third it introduces comprehensive evaluation on teacher's teaching. Meanwhile, the paper analyses some features of teaching evaluation in each phase with theoretical research and practice activities.