ICU医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in ICU

目的分析ICU医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床危重患者抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对2010年7月-2011年10月ICU所送标本的细菌培养及药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果共检出病原菌618例,其中革兰阴性杆菌400株,占64.7%,以鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌多见;革兰阳性球菌46株,占7.5%,以葡萄球菌属及肠球菌属为主;真菌172株,占27.8%,以白色假丝酵母为主;病原菌耐药现象较严重,常呈多药耐药。结论 ICU患者常呈多重感染,且对常用抗菌药物多药耐药,定期对ICU进行流行病学调查,临床医师应加强医院感染监测,根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing nosocomial infections in ICU so as to provide basis for the clinical treatment of severe infections.METHODS From Jul 2010 to Oct 2011,The bacterial culture of the submitted specimens and the result of drug susceptibility testing were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS A total of 618 strains pathogens were isolated,among which there were 400（64.7%） strains of gram-negative bacilli,46（7.5%） strains of gram-positive cocci,and 172（27.8%） strains of fungi.Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coil were the most common species of gram-negative bacilli.Staphylocccus spp and Enterococcus spp were the predominant gram-positive cocci.Candida albicans was the main species of fungi.The pathogens were highly drug resistant,showing multidrug-resistant.CONCLUSION The multiple infections are common in ICU patients,the pathogens are multidrug-resistant to commonly used antibiotics.It is necessary to carry out the epidemiology investigation,strengthen the monitoring of nosocomial infections,and reasonably use antibiotics on the basis of the drug susceptibility testing result.