基于标准光盘/光驱的数字化分子检测技术研究进展

Digitized molecular diagnostics based on standard compact disc and computer optical drive

传统的疾病诊断方法存在耗时长、工作量大、设备昂贵和操作复杂的缺点,因此很多检测只能在专业的大型医院和生物医学实验室完成.更重要的是由于不能及时地得到检查结果,将最终导致病人失去最佳的治疗时机.基层诊所和个人家庭最为需要的是低成本、操作简便的即时检测(point-of-care,POC)设备及技术.基于标准光盘/光驱的生物分子检测技术有可能成为新一代POC检测与诊断工具,不仅光盘塑料底片可以为生物芯片提供价格低廉的基底材料,而且光驱可以用作精密的信号读出装置.本文将概括介绍于化忠课题组在生物光盘检测系统开发和应用方面所取得的进展,包括光盘塑料基底表面活化技术的开发、生物检测光盘的制备、信号识别方法的建立,以及在医学化验和环境监测方面的应用开发.

Traditional medical diagnosis is typically time-consuming and labor-intensive, which is currently limited to well-equipped laboratories and hospitals where the required special instrumentation and highly trained personnel are available. Since patients cannot obtain their test results on time, the consequence of delayed treatment can be disastrous. Therefore, affordable and simple point-of-care （POC） biosensor devices are needed to perform diagnoses in the clinic or even at home. Compact disc （CD） technology is promising for the development of inexpensive materials and tools for POC molecular screening; while the discs may offer versatile biochip fabrication materials, a standard computer optical drive can be adapted as a precise signal readout device. In this mini-review, we briefly describe our recent progress in the development of computer-readable disc-based bioassays, including the UV/ozone activation of the polycarbonate surface, the preparation of DNA hybridization/antibody-antigen binding bioassays, and the establishment of a digital protocol for signal reading.