我国农产品价格调控机制研究综述

Review on Price Mechanism of Agricultural Products in China

农产品价格问题一直备受社会关注,也是理论和政策研究的热点,国内外相关研究已经相对成熟。重点从农产品价格调控的目标与手段、农产品价格波动特征、农产品价格波动因素分解等方面,对前沿研究进行梳理和评述。现有研究具有重视采用演绎方法对农产品价格波动表观现象进行分析,并逐步拓展到对农产品价格波动结构效应、调控机理等归纳性研究领域的特点。但以下问题还有待于进一步研究解决:一是农产品价格调控机制的利益主体博弈关系、剩余分配与转移以及调控成本的评估问题;二是如何科学确定政策启动与退出时机以及覆盖范围,即调控阀值与操作边界问题,建立区别于目前经验式、"自上而下"的调控机制;三是如何确定政策工具箱以及政策的配套使用,扩大政策的认知程度,减少"超调"和"空调"现象,避免生产者和消费者"双失"问题。

As agricultural price is a hot spot of extreme concern for the whole society, domestic and inter- national research has been relatively mature in this regard. This article, with its focus on the aims and meas- ures of price mechanism of agricultural products as well as characteristics and reasons of fluctuation, first gave a review on frontier research, and then pointed out introduction and deduction were the methods mostly adopt- ed in studies of price fluctuation of agricultural products. However, some suspending problems remained as follows. Firstly, game relations of the beneficial, surplus allocation and transfer, estimation on control cost of agricultural products price are to be solved. Secondly, scientific determination on the time of policy startup and exit and coverage area is tO be put on the agenda. Thirdly, how to make clear the use of policy toolbox and its supporting, how to enlarge the degree of policy cognition, how to reduce ＂over control＂ and ＂futile control＂, and how to avoid ＂producer failure and consumer failure＂ are important questions awaiting answers.