抗战胜利后“行总”粮食救济活动述略

On the Relief Action about Foods Developed by CNRRA after the Anti-Japenese War

抗战胜利结束后,中国百姓由于战火的破坏而食不果腹。在"联总"的援助下,"行总"对部分遭受战乱地区的灾民开展了粮食救济活动,以帮助他们渡过难关。"行总"将"救急不救贫"、"急则治标"确立为粮食救济开展的两大原则。主要通过三种方式进行,它们分别是设立粥厂、直接供应粮食、直接发放现款。"行总"通过这种救济活动,使数以百万的灾民得以存活。但是,这场活动也存在着分配不均、工作效率不高及浪费严重等问题。

After the Anti-Japenese War,Chinese people were hungry because of hurt of the flames of the war.With the help of UNRRA,CNRRA developed the relief action of foods to parts of the country in order to help them over the difficulty.CNRRA affirmed two principles：meeting an urgent need to help the poor with foods.The action developed through three ways：building congee factory,supplying foods directly and providing cash directly.Through the relief action,CNRRA helped lots of common people survive the crisis.But the relief action had some problems,such as dividing unfairly,low efficency low and wasting seriously.