DNase对中性粒细胞形成胞外诱捕网的调节作用

The regulatory effects of DNase on NET formation in neutrophils

中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(neutrophil extracellular trap,NET)是人天然免疫(innate immune)的重要部分。然而,过量生成NET则致组织损伤。NET含有DNA骨架(DNA scaffold),因此能被DNase催化降解。在体外,DNase以浓度依赖性方式催化NET降解,由此对中性粒细胞形成NET有潜在的调节作用。部分细菌表达DNase,作为一种毒力因子降解NET,保护其自身逃逸NET诱捕。脓毒血症患者血浆DNase显著升高,释放的DNase可能抑制NET捕杀细菌的作用,或保护组织免于高水平NET引起的自身组织损伤。DNase可能作为炎性疾病的诊断标志物和治疗靶。

Neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs） represent an essential part of the innate immune system of human. However, exaggerated NET formation is correlated with impaired tissue function. NETs consist of a DNA scaffold that can be destroyed by deoxyribonuclease （DNase）. DNase degrades NETs in a concentration- dependent manner in vitro, which may have a potential regulatory effect on NET formation in neutrophils. Some bacteria express DNase as one of bacterial virulence factors, and protect themselves from NET-mediated trapping by degrading the NETs. DNase values of serum in patients who developed sepsis are significantly elevated. The release of DNase may inhibit the antibacterial effects of NETs. And DNase can also protect the tissue from autodestruction caused by inadequate NETs release in septic patients. Circulating DNase seems to be a new diagnostic marker and therapy target for the inflammatory diseases.